Maharishi Parashara in Brhat Parashara Hora Shastra lists 5 Aprakash Grahas, 5 Upagrahas and Pranapada. Since these Upagrahas behave like shadowy planets and do not have body of their own, these have a very subtle impact on the life of the native people. The effects can be seen in both the dasa of the planets associated with them and the entire life of the native, which can be altered by the dasas and other factors.
Important Terms and Concepts:
1 day = 24 hrs = 60 Ghati
1 Hr = 2.5 Ghati; 1 Ghati = 60 Vighati;
1 min = 2.5 Vighati
Ista Kala = Birth time – Sunrise/ Sunset (Time elapsed after sunrise or sunset)
Ista Ghati = Ista Kala measure in ghati
Sunrise Definition = Apparent rise of upper limb of Sun (as seen on a clear day)
Dinamana= Duration of the day = Sunset – Sunrise Ratrimana = Duration of the night = Sunrise of next day – Sunset
Non-luminous UpaGrahas (Sub-Grahas)
Add 4 Rāśis 13 degrees and 20 minutes of arc to Sūrya’s longitude at a given moment to get the exact position of the all inauspicious Dhoom.
Reduce Dhoom from 12 Rāśis to arrive at Vyatipat. Vyatipat is also inauspicious.
Add six Rāśis to Vyatipat to know the position of Parivesh. He is extremely inauspicious.
Deduct Parivesh from 12 Rāśis to arrive at the position of Chap (Indra Dhanus), who is also inauspicious.
Add 16 degrees 40 minutes to Chap, which will give Ketu (UpaKetu), who is a malefic.
By adding a Rāśi to UpaKetu, you get the original longitude of Sūrya.
These are the Grahas, devoid of splendour, which are malefics by nature and cause affliction.
Effects of Sub-Grahas
As per Lord Brahma, If one of these afflicts Sun, the native’s dynasty will decline, while Moon and Lagna, respectively, associated with one of these, will destroy the longevity and wisdom.
Calculations of Gulika etc
The portions of Sun up to Saturn denote the periods of Gulik and others. Divide the day duration (of any week day) into eight equal parts. The eighth portion is Lord-less. The seven portions are distributed to the seven Grahas commencing from the Lord of the week day, while 8th portion governed by Gulika. Similarly make the night duration into eight equal parts and distribute these, commencing from the Lord of the 5th. Here again, the eighth portion is Lord-less and represent the portion of Gulika. Sūrya’s portion is Kaal, Mangal’s portion is Mrityu, Guru’s portion is Yamaghantak and Budh’s portion is Ardhaprahar. These durations differently apply to different places (commensurate with variable day and night durations).
Gulika’s Position
The degree, ascending at the time of start of Gulika’s portion (as above), will be the longitude of Gulika at a given place. Based on this longitude only, Gulika’s effects for a particular nativity is estimated.
Calculation of Pranapad
Convert the given time into Vighatis and divide the same by 15. The resultant Rāśi, degrees etc. be added to Sūrya, if he is in a Movable Rāśi, which will yield Pranapad. If Sūrya is in a Fixed Rāśi, add 240 degrees additionally and, if in a Dual Rāśi, add 120 degrees in furtherance to get Pranapad. The birth will be auspicious, if Pranapad falls in the 2nd, 5th, 9th, 4th, 10th, or 11th from the natal Lagn. In other Bhavas Pranapad indicates an inauspicious birth.
NON-LUMINOUS (APRAKASH) GRAHAS
The five Aprakash Grahas namely Dhuma, Vyatipata, Parivesh, Indrachapa and Upaketu (Sikhi) are calculated based on the longitude of the Sun at time of birth or Prasna. These Grahas are devoid of splendor, are malefic by nature and cause affliction.
The method of calculating these non-luminous planets is as under:
Dhuma = 133o 20’ + Sun (Long)
Vyatipata (Pata) = 360o – Dhuma (Long)
Paridhi (Parivesha) = 180o + Pata (long)
Chapa (Indrachapa/ Kodanda) = 360o – Paridhi (long)
Upaketu = 16o 40’ + Chapa (Long)
UPAGRAHAS
Each day and night can be divided into 8 equal parts called yamardha. 7 of the 8 Yamardhas are governed by the weekday lords in the order of the weekdays from Sun to Saturn whereas the part after Saturn is unlorded. The Yamardhas for the day and night are to be found out separately based on the dinamana (duration of the day) and ratrimana (duration of night).
Calculation:
Step I: If the birth is before sunset, then find the duration of the day and if the birth is after sunset, then find the duration of the night.
Step II: Divide the day duration or night duration with 8 to get the 8 yamas of the day or night. The Yama starting at Sunrise is lorded by the weekday lord, whereas the Yama starting at Sunset is lorded by the 5th planet from the weekday lord in the weekday order. Thus on Sunday, the first Yama at Sunrise is lorded by Sun, whereas the first Yama at Sunset is lorded by Jupiter, who is the 5th weekday lord counted from Sun. The subsequent yamas are governed by the subsequent weekday lord.
Step III: Find the ascendant at the time of rising of the Upagrahas. However, even though Maharishi Parashara has tied the rising of the Upagrahas to the yamardhas, he has not however mentioned what portion of the yamardhas, the Upagrahas rise. However, classics such as Uttara Kalamrita by Kalidasa give the clue.
According to that, duration of the day is to be divided into 32 equal parts; then Mandi shall rise on different days in following parts:
The methodology described for the rise of the Upagrahas involves dividing the duration of the day into 32 equal parts and assigning each Upagraha a specific rising time based on the weekday.
To elaborate:
Mandi’s Rising Time (Example)
The rise of Mandi (an Upagraha) is based on the following pattern:
| Day | Su | Mo | Tu | We | Th | Fr | Sa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day | 26 | 22 | 18 | 14 | 10 | 6 | 2 |
| Night | 10 | 6 | 2 | 30 | 26 | 22 | 18 |
- On Sunday, Mandi rises after the completion of the 26th part, i.e., in the 27th part.
- On Monday, Mandi rises after the 22nd part, i.e., in the 23rd part.
- On Saturday, Mandi rises at the beginning of the 3rd part.
Thus, Mandi rises during the middle portion of Saturn’s part each day.
This rising time pattern can similarly be applied to other Upagrahas of different planets.
Example of Other Upagrahas:
Each planet has its own set of Upagrahas that rise at specific times during the day and night based on their planetary association. For example, Kala (for Sun), Mrtyu (for Mars), Ardhaprahara (for Mercury), and Yamaghantaka (for Jupiter) each have their respective rising times for each day of the week. These can be represented in a similar table format.
Upagrahas Rising on Different Days:
Here’s an extension of the table for other Upagrahas:
Kala for Sun:
| Day/Night | Su | Mo | Tu | We | Th | Fr | Sa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day | 2 | 30 | 26 | 22 | 18 | 14 | 10 |
| Night | 14 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 30 | 26 | 22 |
Mrtyu for Mars:
| Day/Night | Su | Mo | Tu | We | Th | Fr | Sa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day | 10 | 6 | 2 | 30 | 26 | 22 | 18 |
| Night | 22 | 18 | 14 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 30 |
Ardhaprahara for Mercury:
| Day/Night | Su | Mo | Tu | We | Th | Fr | Sa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day | 14 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 30 | 26 | 22 |
| Night | 26 | 22 | 18 | 14 | 10 | 6 | 2 |
Yamaghantaka for Jupiter:
| Day/Night | Su | Mo | Tu | We | Th | Fr | Sa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day | 18 | 14 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 30 | 26 |
| Night | 2 | 30 | 26 | 22 | 18 | 14 | 10 |
These are the rising times for each Upagraha during the day and night across different days of the week.
Key Concept:
The idea is that each Upagraha, as well as Gulika, has specific rising times depending on the planetary lordship and the day of the week. This method can be extended to other planets and Upagrahas by referring to the appropriate tables and applying the calculations as described earlier.
Computation of Upagrahas
The Upagrahas (Mandi, Kala, Mrtyu, Ardha-prahara, and Yama-ghantaka) rise at specific times based on the weekday and the division of the day into 32 equal parts. Here’s how you compute their longitude:
Step-by-Step Process:
- Identify Day/Night Birth –Determine whether the birth occurred during the day (sunrise to sunset) or night (sunset to sunrise).
- Find the Upagraha Rising Value –Based on the weekday and whether it is day or night, refer to the respective tables for the Upagraha Rising Value.
Example for Mandi:
| Day/Night | Su | Mo | Tu | We | Th | Fr | Sa |
| Day | 26 | 22 | 18 | 14 | 10 | 6 | 2 |
| Night | 10 | 6 | 2 | 30 | 26 | 22 | 18 |
- Calculate the Time of Rise
- Use the formula:
Time of Rise=Duration of Day/Night×Upagraha Rising Value32\text{Time of Rise} = \frac{\text{Duration of Day/Night} \times \text{Upagraha Rising Value}}{32}
- Find the Ascendant at the Time of Rise
- Determine the ascendant rising at the calculated time of rise.
- For day births, add the computed time to sunrise.
- For night births, add the computed time to sunset.
Computation of Gulika
Gulika rises at the end of Saturn’s portion or at the beginning of the un-lorded portion. Here’s the step-by-step method:
Step-by-Step Process:
- Identify Day/Night Birth – As with the Upagrahas, determine if the birth occurred during the day or night.
- Find the Gulika Rising Value – Refer to the following table for the Gulika Rising Value:
Gulika Rising Values:
| Time | Su | Mo | Tu | We | Th | Fr | Sa |
| Day | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 1 |
| Night | 6 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
- Calculate the Time of Rise
- Use the formula:
Time of Rise=Duration of Day/Night×Gulika Rising Value8\text{Time of Rise} = \frac{\text{Duration of Day/Night} \times \text{Gulika Rising Value}}{8}
- Find the Ascendant at the Time of Rise
- Similar to the Upagraha calculation:
- For day births, add the computed time to sunrise.
- For night births, add the computed time to sunset.
Notes:
- The “Duration of Day/Night” is the time from sunrise to sunset (for day) or sunset to sunrise (for night).
- The ascendant at the computed time is used to determine the longitude of the Upagraha or Gulika.
Effect of Duma in various Houses
| House | Attributes |
| 1st House | – Valorous – Endowed with beautiful eyes – Serious & reserved – Wicked – Extremely short-tempered – Watery grave if in a watery sign |
| 2nd House | – Sickly – Wealthy – Troubles with a limb represented by the sign in the 2nd house – Dull-witted – Lacks virility – Speech troubles |
| 3rd House | – Intelligent – Valorous – Generous – Sweet spoken – Wealthy – Religious – Weakness in the body part represented by the sign |
| 4th House | – Sorrowful, being rejected by the partner – Well-versed in shastras – Belongs to a lineage of priests well-versed in Yagnas (fire sacrifice) |
| 5th House | – Limited progeny – Devoid of wealth – Honorable – Shall eat anything – Belligerent |
| 6th House | – Valorous – Strong – Famous – Free from diseases – Destroyer of enemies – Troubles from animals |
| 7th House | – Penniless – Extremely passionate – Extra-marital relationship – Lethargic – Troubles in marriage – Marriage with low caste |
| 8th House | – Lacks courage – Enthusiastic – Truthful – Disliked by others – Hard-hearted – Selfish – Engaged in evil activities – Punishment |
| 9th House | – Endowed with children and fortune – Wealthy – Honorable – Kind – Religious – Well-disposed to relatives – Opposed by family elders |
| 10th House | – Endowed with children and fortune – Ever cheerful – Intelligent – Truthful – Troubles from fire (electricity, lightning, etc.) |
| 11th House | – Endowed with wealth, grains, and gold – Pleasant looking – Knowledge of arts & music – Modest – Endowed with many houses |
| 12th House | – Immoral – Indulges in sinful acts – Interested in others’ wives – Addicted to vices – Unkind – Crafty – Travel abroad – Prosper in foreign land |
Results of Vyatipatha in Various Houses
Here’s the updated content in a table format:
| House | Attributes |
| 1st House | – Troubled by miseries – Cruel – Destructive – Foolish – Opposition with relatives – Health troubles throughout – Skin diseases |
| 2nd House | – Wicked & Crook – Bilious – Materialistic – Ungrateful – Sinful – Eloquent speech |
| 3rd House | – Determined – Warrior – Generous – Wealthy – Dear to king – Head of army – Educated & Knowledgeable – Skillful in music |
| 4th House | – Diseased – Bereft of progeny – Unfortunate – Endowed with landed property and houses – Engaged in agriculture or animal husbandry – Wealthy |
| 5th House | – Indigent – Pleasant appearance – Imbalances of humor – Hardhearted – Bereft of progeny – Unworthy children (if there) |
| 6th House | – Destroyer of enemies – Strong – Skillful in wielding many kinds of weapons – Knowledgeable in Arts – Peaceful – Marital troubles – Bad behaviors with spouse |
| 7th House | – Penury – Bereft of wife & children – Unhappy – Passionate – Shameless – Troubled with debts |
| 8th House | – Deformity of eyes – Ugly – Unfortunate – Insults Brahmins – Blood disorders – Occult knowledge |
| 9th House | – Engaged in many things – Many friends – Famous – Sweet spoken – Liked by the opposite sex – Unfortunate – Irreligious |
| 10th House | – Wealthy – Engaged in religious activities – Extremely wise – Visionary – Wounds from various means |
| 11th House | – Excessively wealthy – Honored by Govt. – Truthful – Firm & determined – Endowed with many horses – Interested in music – High position |
| 12th House | – Angry – Skillful in many activities – Physically disabled – Unfaithful to own religion & convert to another religion – Hate kith & kin – Inter-caste marriage – Works as a servant |
Results of Pradhi in Various Houses
| House | Attributes |
| 1st House | – Knowledgeable – Truthful – Peaceful – Wealthy – Endowed with children – Cleanliness – Charitable – Dear to elders and guru – Danger from poisonous animals – Violent death – Difficulties in life – Mental grief – Troubled with debts |
| 2nd House | – Wealthy & famous – Pleasant appearance – Materialistic – Happy – Religious – Leader of community – Immovable properties – Profits from agriculture – Ancestral wealth – Becomes rich after constructing a house |
| 3rd House | – Dear to wife – Pleasant appearance – Endowed with many relatives – Respectful to elders & guru – Do things without much thought – Insulted by others – Discontinue education – Wander for studies – Becomes lunatic due to studying more than capacity |
| 4th House | – Ever cheerful – Well-wisher of even enemies – Amicable – Skillful in music and singing – Suspension due to mistakes in job – Financial embezzlement – Cheater – Punishment |
| 5th House | – Blessed by goddess Laxmi – Virtuous – Popular in the community – Religious – Dear to wife – Live far from birthplace – Obstacles |
| 6th House | – Wealthy – Endowed with children – Materialistic – Well-wisher to others – Destroyer of enemies |
| 7th House | – Limited children (alpasantanayukta) – Devoid of happiness – Dumb – Extremely cruel – Wife suffers due to manifold diseases – No business will be done in front of the person – Suffer theft and larceny – Suffer due to black magic – Lose an eye |
| 8th House | – Occupied in spiritual thoughts – Endowed with Sattva Guna – Peaceful – Strong – Determined – Religious – Suffer theft and larceny – Severely injured – Surgery |
| 9th House | – Endowed with children – Blissful – Good-natured – Wealthy – Lack passion – Honorable – Easily contented – Superiors doubt the person and may punish them unjustly – Does not respect elders in the house – Engages in actions contrary to Dharma – Creates enmity with those who help them |
| 10th House | – Well-versed in various arts disciplines – Materialistic – Strong – Devoid of anger – Learned in all shastras – Respects everybody – Helps the needy – Engaged in religious activities – Constructs temple – Earns from religious activities |
| 11th House | – Enjoys the company of women – Virtuous – Intelligent – Deals with his people – Suffers from digestive disorders (e.g., acidity) – Unable to convince others – Engages in illogical arguments |
| 12th House | – Lack happiness – Mischievous – Spendthrift – Dishonors elders and gurus – Suffers from secret diseases – Difficulties in getting cured – Heavy expenditure on health |
Result of Indrachapa in Various Houses
| House | Attributes |
| 1st House | – Endowed with wealth, grains & gold – Grateful – Truthful – Amicable – Devoid of any weaknesses or vices – Perennial health troubles |
| 2nd House | – Affable – Modest – Extremely wise – Pleasant appearance – Religious – Does not heed advice from elders, wise men, and well-wishers – Cannot keep secrets |
| 3rd House | – Miserly – Well-versed in Arts – Thievish – Devoid of some limbs – Devoid of friends and well-wishers – Ill repute due to mistakes in job – Convoluted in household matters – Does not perform religious activities of forefathers – Divert to bad walks of life |
| 4th House | – Endowed with cattle & grains – Free from diseases – Honored by the king – Modest – Cheat and con others – Embezzle funds – Take bribe |
| 5th House | – Visionary – Devout – Affable – Skillful in various areas – Knowledgeable – Highly educated – Prosper in education field – Engage in research activities or as a Scientist – Come out of any difficult situation |
| 6th House | – Destroyer of enemies – Clever & cunning – Blissful – Successful and prosperous in all kinds of jobs – Troubled by enemies in job – Unfinished jobs – Suffer black magic by enemies |
| 7th House | – Virtuous – Well-versed in shastras – Religious – Dear to people – Break in family life – Trouble in generative organs – No comforts from marital life – Cheated by trustworthy females – May lose a limb due to surgery – May suffer from black magic |
| 8th House | – Engaged in others’ work – Cruel – Interested in other’s wives – Disabled – Unfulfilled wishes – Troubled by bad dreams – Unsuccessful and unfinished jobs – Incessant troubles |
| 9th House | – Perform penance (Tapasvi) – Chaste (Brahmacharya) – Extremely wise – Famous – Criminal mentality – Irreligious – Financial fraud – Punishment |
| 10th House | – Endowed with many children – Brilliant – Endowed with cattle – Famous – Hardship – Lesser gain for efforts – Work as a servant – Unable to repay debts |
| 11th House | – Free from diseases |
| 12th House | – Shrewd – Egoistic – Evil in disposition – Shameless – Suffer poverty – Extra-marital relationship – Engaged in illegal activities – Regal penalty – Imprisonment for cheating the government – Suspension for cheating – Lose property to the government |
Result of Upaketu in Various houses
| House | Traits |
| 1st | – Knowledgeable in various disciplines- Blissful- Eloquent- Dear to people- Fulfillment of desires and success- Hardworking but not famous- Invite problems by helping others |
| 2nd | – Poet- Learned- Honorable- Modest- Endowed with conveyances- Eloquent & affable (speaks only when required)- Amicable- Hardworking- Completes work at hand |
| 3rd | – Evil & destructive- Cruel- Lean-bodied- Suffer penury- Acute illnesses- Hardworking- Timid- Gains others’ affection- Speaks from nasal cavity |
| 4th | – Pleasant appearance- Virtuous- Sattvik disposition- Interested in shastras- Well-disposed towards others- Decorative- Cleanliness- Disciplined- Law-abiding |
| 5th | – Logician- Intelligent- Eloquent- Respectful to elders and gurus- Blissful- Knowledgeable in arts- Stomach problems- Heart troubles- Mentally unhappy- Twin birth (for females) |
| 6th | – Ominous to maternal relatives- Destroyer of enemies- Endowed with many friends- Valorous- Splendorous- Sagacious- Go abroad for health reasons- Stagnancy in career |
| 7th | – Interested in gambling- Passionate- Materialistic- Attached to prostitutes- Difficulties in life and career- Suicidal tendencies- Injured by thieves and bandits |
| 8th | – Engaged in sinful acts- Shameless- Lack of happiness from marital partner- Takes refuge in opposition- Adversities in life- Drowns in debt- Suicidal tendencies (by poison) |
| 9th | – Cheerful- Helpful to all living beings- Enthusiasm in religious activities- Jobs connected to bravery- Honored for bravery- Hardworking |
| 10th | – Endowed with happiness & fortune- Dear to females- Charitable- Likes company of learned individuals- Rise and subsequent fall in career- Fall from height |
| 11th | – Wealthy- Fortunate- Valorous- Well-versed in religious activities (e.g., fire sacrifices)- Engaged in righteous acts- Ever gainful |
| 12th | – Engaged in sinful acts- Valiant- Doesn’t respect others- Extra-marital affairs- Short-tempered- Bad dreams- Difficulties in life- Demotions in job- Foreign travels but unhappy- Invite problems by helping others- Regal fines for something he is not responsible for |
ASTRO GIVA 